Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) attributable to hypertension represents a significant global health concern. Nonetheless data on the burden and trend of this condition remain scarce. This study aimed to evaluate the trend in the burden of hypertension-induced CKD across various age groups from 1992 to 2021 at a global, regional, and national level.

Methods: We extracted data on the population burden of CKD attributable to hypertension from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 study. Using age-period-cohort (APC) modeling, we assessed trends in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), mortality, prevalence, and incidence. We further quantified several indicators describing temporal dynamics, including the overall yearly rate of change (net drift), age-specific temporal slopes (local drift), the modeled age profiles over time, and the relative risks associated with period and cohort effects.

Results: From 1992 to 2021, the global burden of CKD attributable to hypertension steadily increased, with significant variations across different Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) regions. The most substantial increase in DALYs (+60.0%) and mortality (+75.5%) were observed in high-SDI regions. The incidence of CKD showed a significant rise in medium-SDI regions (+36.6%) and low-middle SDI regions (+28.5%), while global prevalence slightly declined (–4.7%). The burden of CKD increased significantly with age, with DALYs, mortality, and prevalence rising across all SDI regions as age increased. Incidence peaked at 80–84 years. Cohort relative risks (RRs) for hypertension-related CKD exhibited a downward trend in both incidence and mortality, particularly in high-SDI regions.

Conclusion: Following long-term hypertension management, high-SDI regions have shown some improvement in mortality and DALYs. Nonetheless the persistent rise in incidence and the high burden in medium- and low-SDI regions remain prominent issues. Future efforts to alleviate the burden of CKD attributable to hypertension should prioritize addressing the adverse trends in these regions, particularly targeting elderly populations and areas with high incidence. More targeted preventive and intervention strategies are needed to mitigate this growing burden.